Today, advances in technology and industry have led to important and basic changes in the environment. In order to modify the destructive effects of environmental damage, the most important and yet the simplest way is to extend green space. In different countries, green space extension correlates with the natural environment and technological advances in the country. Green land use as a vital element of a city has undergone many changes and along with other profitable exercises has not been attended to. The aim of this study is to identify the green land use of region 10 of Mashhad Municipality based on the existing data and the inadequacy of public urban parks according to valid standards. Citing available statistics, the results showed that the green space per capita is 6.79 square meters which is lower than the amount per person in the country. However, there are fluctuations in the level of enjoyment of green space in the three districts of region 10; district 1 and district 2 with 4.9 and 4.1 square meters enjoy the most and the least green space per capita respectively. Based on the findings, the following suggestions are proposed: considering the fair distribution of green space in the studied area as important, taking site selection criteria into consideration in land use planning, employing up-to-date means and methods, such as GIS, in analyzing information and locating green space, investigating the social and psychological effects of urban green space, taking measures to hold control and to prepare the existing urban open land, and avoiding the change of proposed urban green space use found in the comprehensive and detailed urban plans of Mashhad.

This paper presents a new fault location method for radial distribution networks with distributed generations. The proposed fault location algorithm uses the voltage and current data obtained by digital fault recorder installed at the head of the network main feeder, with or without the data from any digital fault recorders installed at DG connection points. The algorithm is based on fundamental frequency calculations and includes novel subroutines of current calculation of DG contained laterals and average loading factor and power factor estimation of the network transformers to solve the fault location problem. The method has been tested by simulation studies using EMTP on a 205-node 20 kV radial distribution network containing three DG's for different data acquisition scenarios. The results verify accuracy of the method under different fault conditions even with only one measuring point at the head of the main feeder.

Introduction: Academic faculty members need to emphasize ethical principles in order to improve higher education, with the understanding of this importance, the current research was conducted with the aim of designing the ethical model of academic faculty members in Iran's higher education. Material & Methods: This research is a type of qualitative study that uses foundational data theory. The participants, including experts and faculty members of the country's public universities, who were responsible for the promotion of academic members, were selected as key informants through a targeted sampling method of 45 people. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The reliability and validity of the data were obtained from the two methods of reviewing the participants and recoding by experts. Data were analyzed by open, central and selective coding. Results: The results showed that the moral model of faculty members in Iran's higher education is explained in 10 main categories and 27 subcategories. Major and core categories in the form of 6 dimensions of causal conditions including (individual factors, organizational factors), core (cultural-educational, educational ethics, research ethics, scientific-executive), background conditions (higher education policies, moral activism), intervening conditions (environmental factors), strategies (micro level-university, macro level-higher education) and consequences (individual and organizational) were elevated to a higher abstract level and finally the research paradigm model was presented. Conclusion: The regulations for the promotion of academic staff members in Iran require a detailed revision of the content with an ethical and qualitative approach in order to make the indicators of the promotion regulations efficient and effective.

Gas motion within the cylinder is one of the major factors that control the combustion process in spark ignition ENGINE. It also has significant impact on heat transfer. Both the bulk gas motion and the turbulence characteristics of the flow are important and governing the overall behavior of the flow. An arrangement for obtaining a stratified charge, using port injection, is proposed for a current design of a spark ignition ENGINE. The behavior of combustion are simulated with Computational fluid dynamic and tested. ENGINE testing was performed using dynamometer for measuring the lean burn limit of the current spark ignition ENGINE. Some concepts for premixed lean burn are introduced during the previous decade and with this state of the art concept the swirl and tumble flow PATTERN can generate in each speed, therefore the effect of these PATTERN on lean burn limit is investigated.

The term city centre/center is similar to CBD in that both serve the same purpose for the city, and both are seen by a higher-than-usual urban density as well as the often having the tallest buildings in a city. City centre differs from downtown in that the latter can be geographically located anywhere in a city, while a city centre is generally located near the geographic heart of the city. London arguably has three city centers, the City of London, the medieval City of Westminster and Canary Wharf. [citation needed]. Mexico City also has more than one city center: Historic centre of Mexico city, the colomial; Paseo de la Reforma-Polanco (Mexico) the mid-late XX century CBD, and Santa Fe (Mexico City), the new CBD.The shape and type of a CBD or downtown almost always closely reflect the city's history.Cities with maximum building height restrictions often have a separate historic section quite apart from the financial and administrative district. In cities that grew up suddenly and more recently, such as those in the western half of North America, a single central area will often contain all the tallest buildings. It has been said that downtowns (as understood in North America) are therefore a separate phenomenon.Central business districts usually have very small resident populations. For example, the population of the City of London declined from over 200,000 in 1700 to less than 10,000 today.In some instances, however (and particularly in large Australian cities), CBD populations are increasing as younger professional and business workers move into city centre apartments.Urban textures and humanity elements of urban spaces are going to be obliterated during time.According to this subject, for achieving to sustainable cities the interventions for rehabilitating current situation of city are necessary.The Buenos Aires central business district, is the main commercial centre of Buenos Aires, the capital of Argentina. The actual area was the point of first European settlement. Its north-south axis runs from Monserrat in the north to Retiro railway station in the south. Its east-west axis runs from Buenos Aires Ecological Reserve and Puerto Madero.One of the most important of such spaces is CBD that has named as commercial and business center of cities. These centers usually are creating at the junction of main roads and considerably are economical heart of city in functional dimension. Such characteristics present the necessity to scrutinize studies.Ruminating different aspects of central business districts present different policies to arrange them. But there is e question that how can we define suitable policies for different central business districts.In this article we try through review of organization policies in different cities, introduce these policies in an appropriate and executive PATTERN for central business district.

Sound is one of the forms of mechanical energy and the two main characteristics of sound are intensity or power and frequency or wavelength of sound.their performance against the incoming sound wave, industrial silencers can be divided into two general groups of resonating and absorption silencers, the main difference between these silencers is the release of sound energy from the channeling system, which is one of the common examples of the use of resonating type silencers, their use in It is the internal combustion ENGINEs that distinguish absorption silencers from the resonator type based on the fact that the main and visible part of the act of muting the sound is achieved by changing sound energy to heat energy.The goal of this article is to design a muffler based on the breaking of sound frequencies resulting from the movement of fluid in the exhaust output of vehicles, which leads to a reduction of at least 50 db of sound and gives the operator enough peace and concentration. In this article, after examining three types of mufflers, absorbent mufflers that use the properties of porous absorbent material to absorb passing sound and are the simplest form of mufflers, have been selected, analyzed and reviewed and are suitable for the OM457 ENGINE of Idem Industrial Company. It designed for maximum inlet exhaust temperature is 520 and for the maximum kW power is 315 with the maximum discharge relative pressure of 185 mbar for homogenization with the standard atmosphere.